CNR Antarctic Data Center
CNR Antarctic Data Center (CNR)
Continents, countries, sea regions of the world.
An updated compilation of published and new data of major-ion (Ca, Cl, K, Mg, Na, NO3, SO4) and methylsulfonate (MS) concentrations in snow from 520 Antarctic sites is provided by the national ITASE (International Trans-Antarctic Scientific Expedition) programmes of Australia, Brazil, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Norway, the United Kingdom, the United States and the national Antarctic programme of Finland.
Comparing snow chemistry at different sites: GPS2, 31Dpt, M2, MPTA , D2, D4A, D6, Dome C, D66, GV1, GV2, GV3, GV4, GV5, GV7, Talos Dome, Prietsley Névé Styx Glacier, McCarthy Ridge, Hercules Névé, Rennik Glacier, Pilot Glacier, Bowers Glacier, Prince Albert, Niggly Névé, Evans Névé, Mt Melbourn transect, Reeves Nevé transect, Rennick Glacier transect
Emerging COntaminants in Antarctic Snow: sources and TRAnsport (ECO AS:TRA)
Emerging COntaminants in Antarctic Snow: sources and TRAnsport (ECO AS:TRA) Prog. PNRA18_00229 Snow samples
Bias-corrected data from the preoperational MiKlip system for decadalclimate predictions used in the PNRA-IPSODES project
This dataset contains a selection of bias-corrected data from the preoperational MiKlip system for decadal climate predictions (Mueller et al., 2018) used within the project PNRA18_00199-IPSODES. The adopted method for bias correction is described in the file bias_correction.pdf attached to the dataset. Also data from the assimilation run are provided. Nomenclature of variables follows that of the original MiKlip output. Mueller, W., et al. A Higher‐resolution Version of the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI‐ESM1.2‐HR). J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst. 10, 1383-1413 (2018)
decadal climate predictions; sea ice; ocean dynamics; variability
This dataset consists of climate model output further processed to remove systematic errors (drift, bias)
Human gut microbiome data of volunteers at Mario Zucchelli station
We will collect stool samples from the volunteers at the Mario Zucchelli Station at different time points. The samples will be analysed by shotgun metagenomic sequencing, considering only the microbial component.
human microbiome, microbiome transmission, metagenomics
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE DATA ORIGIN AND HOW IT GETS TRANSFORMED ALONG THE WAY FROM THE INSTRUMENT TO THE DATABASE.
SIZA - Larval recruitment of zoobenthos organism in Terra Nova Bay
The larval stages can be considered as the link from plankton to benthos. In order to study larval recruitment from zoobenthos, 40 tiles were placed at each of the four sites outlined in the project: Tethys Bay (control), Rod Bay (area subject to anthropogenic impact), Faraglione (control) and Adelie Cove (area subject to natural impact, linked to the presence of a penguin house). Due to adverse environmental factors all the tiles from Faraglione were lost and from Tethys Bay only half were found. The tiles were analysed with the help of a binocular, which enabled better visualisation of the organisms and, consequently, better identification.
40 tiles were placed at each of the four sites outlined in the project: Tethys Bay (control), Rod Bay (area subject to anthropogenic impact), Faraglione (control) and Adelie Cove (area subject to natural impact, linked to the presence of a penguin house). Preserved in a solution of seawater and 70% alcohol. The tiles were analysed with the help of a binocular, which enabled better visualisation of the organisms and, consequently, better identification.
Isotopic composition (Pb and Sr) of particulate matter at Concordia
Isotopic composition (Pb and Sr) in particulate matter (PM10) samples, collected at Concordia with monthly time resolution, since January 2018, obtained by ICP-MS.
Oral cavity metagenomic data of volunteers at Mario Zucchelli station
We will collect oral samples from the volunteers at the Mario Zucchelli Station at different time points, using safe and not harmfull kits. Samples will be analysed by shotgun metagenomic sequencing, considering only the microbial component.
human oral microbiome, microbiome transmission, metagenomic
Ice dynamics and variations in trophic networks and transfer of contaminants at Terra Nova bay: a study based on the analysis of stable isotopes (C, N) and heavy metals in sympagic algae, plankton, fish and avifauna
Trophic interactions underlie coexistence mechanisms between species, define the functional role of specie within communities, affect biodiversity and bioaccumulation processes of heavy metal. Sea-ice dynamics, which at Terra Nova Bay is characterized by an extraordinary seasonality, drives interspecific interactions and the exchange of materials between ecosystem compartments. Indeed, the activation of the primary production after sea-ice break up opens alternative trophic pathways for consumers. The “next generation SRPs” represent a highly appropriate framework for the present project which follows the results obtained with the previous project ISOBIOTOX (PNRA 2013) and aims at (i) determine topological and functional metrics of sympagic and pelagic food webs at Terra Nova Bay under different conditions of sea-ice coverage along a distance gradient from the nearest open water polynya to areas were the seasonal sea-ice coverage persists longer; (ii) evaluate bioaccumulation and biomagnification of heavy metals in trophic sources at the base of the food web and in target species along food chains, including fishes of commercial interests and top predators, both in the presence and absence of sympagic and pelagic primary producers. High resolution food webs will be reconstructed by means of the simultaneous elemental and isotopic analysis of different elements (C and N) and the bioaccumulation of pollutants. The research program integrates complementary research approaches: (a) Elemental analysis coupled with mass spectrometry for stable isotope analysis (δ13C, δ15N) in animal and vegetal tissues and dead organic matter, (b)analyses of heavy metals accumulation (Chromatography) in the constituent species of the Antarctic food web.
This data set contain Isotopic dataset (Carbon δ13C, and Nitrogen δ15N) of coastal benthic macroinvertebrates, primary resources, fish and penguin guano samples.
Ecomorphological Analysis and development of virtual mobile models of buccal apparatus of notothenioid fish species (EMPHASIS)
The EMPHASIS project focuses on the ecomorphology of the feeding apparatus of Notothenioidea, a suborder of teleost fishes endemic to the Southern Ocean that have colonized available ecological niches and habitats during their adaptive radiation. Ecomorphology is the science that investigates the reciprocal relationship between the environment and the forms of organisms, allowing insights into their evolutionary history, biodiversity, and relationships between form and function. The research activity involves a comparative analysis of the feeding apparatus in species representative of various phyletic lineages, and the study of the relationships between morphology, function and specific performance during feeding. Based on the results of the analysis, three-dimensional digitally supported models of the structures involved in feeding activity was developed.
Ecomorphology, Antarctic fish, Feeding strategy, Biomechanical modeling
General information about the data origin and how it gets transformed along the way from the instrument to the database.
Anthropogenic microparticles in the emerald rockcod Trematomus bernacchii (Nototheniidae) from the Antarctic
Anthropogenic microparticles (AMs) were found for the first time in specimens of Trematomus bernacchii collected in 1998 in the Ross Sea (Antarctica) and stored in the Antarctic Environmental Specimen Bank. Most of the identified AMs were fibers of natural and synthetic origin. The natural AMs were cellulosic, the synthetic ones were polyester, polypropylene, polypropylene/polyester, and cellulose acetate. The presence of dyes in the natural AMs indicates their anthropogenic origin. Five industrial dyes were identified by Raman spectroscopy with Indigo occurring in most of them (55%). Our research not only adds further data to the ongoing knowledge of pollution levels in the Antarctic ecosystem, it provides an interesting snapshot of the past, highlighting that microplastics and anthropogenic fiber pollution had already entered the Antarctic marine food web at the end of the ‘90 s. These findings therefore establish the foundations for understand the changes in marine litter pollution over time.
presence and composition of anthropogenic microparticles (hereafter AMs) in the emerald rockcod were investigated, with the aim to evaluate if this kind of pollution already existed many decades ago.
CoNISMa - Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare
CNR - Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche
University of Florence, Dept. of Chemistry
Metadata Point of Contact name and surname
Elemental composition of particulate matter at Concordia
Concentrations of major, minor and trace elements in particulate matter (PM10) samples, collected at Concordia with monthly time resolution, since January 2018, obtained by PIXE-PIGE and HR-ICP-MS measurements.
Vertically pointing doppler radar profiles (24 GHz Metek MRR-2) at Mario Zucchelli Station, aggregated to 5min, monthly netCDF archive
Vertical profiles along the first kilometre of atmosphere above the ground (from 105 to 1050 m a.g.l.) of equivalent radar reflectivity factor (Ze), Doppler velocity (W) and Doppler spectral width (Sw) from a 24-GHz vertically pointing Micro Rain Radar MRR-2 by METEK GmbH positioned at Mario Zucchelli Station (Antarctica).
Raw instrument data is gathered daily, then processed with IMProToo v0.107 (Maahn, M. and Kollias, P., 2012), available at https://github.com/maahn/IMProToo . IMProToo is an improved processing method for Micro Rain Radar (MRR). It is especially suited for snow observations. Three variables are extracted: equivalent reflectivity factor, Doppler velocity and spectral width. They are all dealiased automatically. Original time resolution is 1 minute. Data is aggregated to 5 minutes with an average if least three out of five 1-minute values are not NaN inside the selected interval (NaN values mean clear sky). The first and second height ranges are affected by ground clutter and thereby are excluded. The highest is affected by low SNR and is excluded as well. Note that this data has been processed regardless of precipitation type.
Particle size and velocity distributions from a Thies Clima 3D Stereo disdrometer installed at the Casale Calore site in L'Aquila (Italy) for one year of testing, monthly netCDF archive
Disdrometric data from a Thies Clima 3D Stereo with 22 size classes and 20 velocity classes positioned at L'Aquila (Italy, 42.3831 N, 13.3148 E, 683 m a.s.l.), with monthly spectra and ancillary information.
Raw instrument telegram (text line) is gathered daily into a netCDF archive file. Original time resolution is 1 minute. Data is stored in monthly archives. Mid values and widths of the classes are provided.
BSRN (YOPP) - Basic and other measurements of radiation at Concordia Station (2018-12)
Basic and other measurements of radiation at Concordia Station during "December" "2018": for other details see the full metadata description at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.897905
The data set was checked for completeness, correctness, and consistency of metainformation. Validity of used methods was checked and - if applicable - precision and range of data.
BSRN (YOPP) - Basic and other measurements of radiation at Concordia Station (2019-01)
Basic and other measurements of radiation at Concordia Station during "January" "2019": for other details see the full metadata description at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.898659
Crustal anatexis up to ultra-high temperature conditions in Antarctica (PNRA18_00103 - HotAntarctica).
Below the results obtained by the HOT ANTARCTICA project are presented. Results regarding geochemistry of crustal melts Main results obtained by the most prominent samples are described separately for each of the investigated terranes (Napier Complex, Lützow Holm Complex, Rauer Islands and Schrimacher Hills). The methodology employed during the work is also listed below: 1) Samples interrogated in this project were previously collected from Napier Complex (provided by the collaboration with Prof. Simon Harley, University of Edinburgh), Lützow Holm Complex (provided by the collaboration with Prof. Satish-Kumar, University of Niigata), Rauer Islands (provided by the collaboration with Prof. Simon Harley, University of Edinburgh and in collaboration with Zhao Liu, Northwest University ,China) and Schrimacher Hills (provided by the Museo Nazionale dell’Antartide, Siena, Italy). 2) Microstructural and petrographic study were done in all samples to identify equilibrium assemblages, melting reaction microstructures and occurrence of nanogranitoids (i.e. crystallized inclusions), melt and fluid inclusions. 3) Microstructural characterization of inclusions using Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) analyses were done: i) to identify the submicrometric phases within nanogranitoids and ii) to verify the homogeneity of remelted nanogranites and preserved glassy melt inclusions. 4) Experimental remelting of crystallized melt inclusions was performed to overcome the problem of MI decrepitation and volatile loss. The remelting of nanogranitoids was performed at high pressure with a piston cylinder apparatus using a QUICKpress piston cylinder apparatus produced by Depths of the Earth (installed at the Dipartimento di Geoscienze, UniPd). 5) Analysis of the major and trace elements contents of melt inclusions was carried out using i) an electron microprobe at the at University of Milan and ii) a LAICPMS at University of Perugia. 6) Thermodynamic modeling of anatectic conditions: the evaluation of P-T-X parameters and of P-T paths in the different geologic contexts were carried out using the software Perple_X. 7) Micro-Raman spectroscopy: characterization of fluid inclusions coexisting with melt inclusions was done using a HORIBA LabRam HR (high resolution) Raman microspectrometer at the University of Pavia. 8) Cross-comparison of data: during the development of this research project all collected data were analyzed by cross-comparing the information from the different geological contexts, with the aim to highlight similarities and differences. 9) Data discussion and evaluation: all data was analyzed and discussed in tight collaboration with the researchers involved in this project. 10) Synthesis and dissemination of results: dissemination of results was done with oral and poster presentations in several international conferences (see list on the appropriate section - Atti). Presentations include invited keynote presentations by the PI, Bruna Borges Carvalho at Goldschmidt (France, 2023) and Hutton Symposium (Italy, 2023). Invited seminars were also given in several important universities around the world [University of Bern, Switzerland; University of Cambridge, UK; University of Niigata, University of Kyoto, Japan]. Furthermore, a total of two research papers have been published in journals of high impact factor, and other two articles are in preparation. Here we also provide mineral, geochemical and geochronological data of studied areas at Rundvagshetta and Rauer Islands. Preprinted versions of two published article where the data is explained are also provided. Carvalho, B.B., Bartoli, O., Cesare, B., Satish-Kumar, M., Petrelli, M., Kawakami, T., Hokada, T., Gilio, M. (2023). Revealing the link between A-type granites and hottest melts from residual metasedimentary crust. Geology 51, 845-849. https://doi.org/10.1130/G51097.1 Liu, Z., Carvalho, B.B., Li, W., Tong, L., Bartoli, O., Li, C., Chen, L., ,Yan, Q, Wu, H. 2023. Into the high to ultrahigh temperature melting of Earth’s crust: Investigations of melt and fluid inclusions within Mg–rich metapelitic granulites from the Mather Peninsula, East Antarctica. Journal of Petrology 64, egad051. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egad051 Results regarding petrology and geochronology of granulites In northern Victoria Land, the presence of two contrasting P-T paths suggests the possibility that high-grade complexes could have experienced a different metamorphic evolution both in space and time. Geochronological data of the Granite Harbour Intrusives support a prolonged magmatic activity (540-480 Ma), with multiple igneous pulses. This could imply the existence of magmatic underplating triggering the development of monometamorphic granulites during the Ross Orogeny. On the other hand, structural and PT evolution suggest the presence of a polymetamorphic granulitic belt that could be remnant of older orogeny as the Panafrican (ca. 600-500 Ma) (Lombardo et al., 1987; Palmeri, 1997; Talarico and Castelli, 1995). In order to discriminate mono- from poly-metamorphic evolution, metasedimentary granulite complex from the Deep Freeze Range has been investigated. Among all available granulite samples, a detailed petrographical study has been conducted to select the most representative and suitable HT granulite-facies rocks: four samples have been individuated for petrological and geochronological analyses (Opx-Grt and >30 µm Zrn/Mnz bearing), fifteen for geochemistry (absence of leucosome). In the Deep Freeze Range, HT granulites consist of Grt-Opx±Bt±Crd±Spl±Crn gneisses characterized by the presence of numerous Opx±Grt leucocratic segregations. Geochemical results confirm that analyzed granulite protholites have sedimentary origin, being comparable to Post Archean Australian Shale (PAAS; Taylor and McLennan, 1985), and they have been deposited in an orogenic setting (active continental margin). Petrographical, microstructural and mineral chemistry analyses show a metamorphic evolution including three different stages: Pl-Grt1-Spl-Crn-Ilm medium-P granulite facies (M1), Qtz-Pl-Opx-Grt1-Crd-Ilm-Kfs low-P granulite facies (M2), and Qtz-Pl-Grt2-Kfs-Bt-Ath low-P amphibolite (M3). Preliminary petrological results indicate that evolving metamorphic parageneses describe an initial isothermal decompression (exhumation event) followed by isobaric cooling; further thermodynamic modeling by software Perple_X will allow to better define P-T-X conditions. Geochronological studies involved the observation and analysis of monazites and zircons on four selected granulite thin sections. Investigations included X-ray mapping carried out under the electron microscope, CL-BSE imaging (zircons), and trace element analysis and U-Pb dating using LA-ICP-MS. Acquired data are still under review and will have a fundamental role in the reconstruction of the P-T-t path, thus making it possible to discriminate between mono- and poly-metamorphic hypotheses. References Lombardo et al 1987. Memorie della Società Geologica Italiana 33, 99-130. Palmeri R. 1997. Lithos 42, 47-66. Talarico and Castelli D. 1995. Precamb. Res. 75, 157-174. Taylor and McLennan S.M. 1985. Blackwell, Oxford, 312 p.
East Antarctica, melt inclusions, ultrahigh temperature granulites, crustal anatexis
RadiCA (YOPP) - Radiation fluxes and cloud features from surface-based observations in the Antarctic Peninsula and Weddell Sea Region
The main goal of our proposal is to characterize the surface radiative budget as well as cloudiness which features at the Argentine Bases Marambio and Belgrano II during the YOPP-SH Special Observing Period (SOP) as well as the YOPP Consolidation Phase. Specific objectives to secure our main goal during the SOP will be: 1 - develop a compact Radiation Measurement UNIT (RMU) robust enough to allow continuous measurements in harsh environment through which to make shortwave, longwave observations as well as to record status of the sky. 2 - secure UV measurements at both stations. 3 - develop specific tools to analyse on a daily basis (weakly for clouds) collected data and extract parameters of interest. For radiation these will include QA/QC SW and LW downwelling and upwelling fluxes, diffuse and direct components of solar radiation, UV spectral flux and doses. For clouds these will include, on a continuous base, cloud fraction derived both from radiometric measurement and sky camera observations, cloud type and cloud effect on SW radiation. In addition cloud base (or cloud ceiling) will be obtained by routine observations performed at the two stations. From UV measurements columnar ozone content will be also derived. Moving forward to YOPP consolidation phase, we plan to: 1 - extend dataset and its analysis, start to collect information on seasonal and inter-annual variability, determine Cloud radiative Forcing (CRF) 2 - perform extensive comparison between automatic and visual cloudiness observation methods. They being very useful to better understand quality and value of historical datasets at the two stationsù 3 - make comparison with cloudiness regime of Ross Sea and Antarctic Plateau. Make similar comparison for UV fluxes in the Peninsula and at Concordia.
Data are collected continuously by radiometers and brewer spectrometers and store as minute averages with standard deviation.
APP Antarctic Precipitation Properties PNRA14_00122
Rock database Museo Nazionale dell'Antartide
Ca' Foscari University of Venice and CNR ISAC Rome
Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate of the Italian National Research Council, Bologna
Dipartimento di Geoscienze, Universita degli Studi di Padova
Dipartimento di Geoscienze, Università degli Studi di Padova