This is a compilation of all Concordia station datasets that were/are published in the frame of BSRN. The collection will be updated regularly with recent data. The data are subject to the data release guidelines of BSRN (https://bsrn.awi.de/data/conditions-of-data-release/). Basic and other measurements of radiation at Concordia station (2006-01 et seq) .

Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica), characterized by a moltitude of ice tongues flowing from land to sea, represents an ideal study site for understanding the complex interaction between relative sea level variations and ice sheet dynamics during the Holocene. The DISGELI project, thanks to the combination of innovative technology and traditional methods for geomorphologic and stratigraphic analysis, aims to: i) reconstruct the local variations of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet after the Last Glacial Maximum; ii) provide a time constrain for the deglaciation processes along the coast; iii) reconstruct, with unprecedent detail, the relative sea level variations during Holocene in the Drygalski basin. The morpho-bathymetric and topographic data obtained through this study will be integrated using digital terrain models based on the analyses of key areas onland, where palaeo-coastlines and sea-level markers have been identified.

Disdrometric data from a Thies Clima 3D Stereo with 22 size classes and 20 velocity classes positioned at L'Aquila (Italy, 42.3831 N, 13.3148 E, 683 m a.s.l.), with monthly spectra and ancillary information.

Antarctic ecosystems have a high number of species, that are closely linked to the presence of sea ice and seasonal cycles. This biodiversity is subject to anthropogenic and natural influences. Zooplankton communities can provide a static snapshot of the health of the ecosystem. Zooplankton samples were collected with a 200 μm mesh net at 3 different sampling points at 80 m depth.

The larval stages can be considered as the link from plankton to benthos. In order to study larval recruitment from zoobenthos, 40 tiles were placed at each of the four sites outlined in the project: Tethys Bay (control), Rod Bay (area subject to anthropogenic impact), Faraglione (control) and Adelie Cove (area subject to natural impact, linked to the presence of a penguin house). Due to adverse environmental factors all the tiles from Faraglione were lost and from Tethys Bay only half were found. The tiles were analysed with the help of a binocular, which enabled better visualisation of the organisms and, consequently, better identification.

SWD and DIF solar fluxes. Institute of Polar Sciences data from a local source.

Antarctic aquatic eukaryotic biodiversity provides an unlimited and largely unexploited source of bioactive molecules that may be utilized for the benefit of human health. The aim of our proposal is to probe antibiotic and anticancer properties of these molecules isolated from a selected panel of freshwater and marine eukaryote species, that can be sampled in the area of MZS with no impact on local biodiversity and can, in large measure, be cultivated and/or maintained in laboratory for long periods at very reduced costs. The sampling of species will be conducted on Protists (ciliates and dinoflagellates), Rotifera (bdelloids), obtaining sponge primmorphs, collecting fish body surface mucus, sequencing transcriptomes from Protists, Rotifers, Echinoderms, and Tunicates to be scanned for genes expressing antimicrobial peptides and enzymesproducing bioactive metabolites. The targets of the project are: i) to sample Protists, Rotifers and macroeukaryotes from marine and freshwater environments, ii) to culture Protists, Rotifers, andobtain demosponge primmorph cultures, iii) to sequence transcriptomes to be added to transcriptomes already obtained by the proposing groupand to identify putative candidate peptides, iv) to obtain purified biochemical fractions from Protists, Rotifers, primmorph and fish surface mucus,v) to test produced fractions and synthetic peptides for their in vitro anticancer and antibiotic activities. The proposal involves three research unitsof the Universities of La Tuscia, Trieste and Camerino, and one unit of the National Research Council in Naples. These units maintain solid and documented relationships of collaboration with a multi-year experience in Antarctic eukaryotic physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology.The proposal can also rely on the official collaboration with the laboratories of Prof. Ian Hawes and Prof. Chris Battershill from the University ofWaikato (NZ), with experience in Antarctic freshwater biology and bioactive molecules.

We will collect stool samples from the volunteers at the Mario Zucchelli Station at different time points. The samples will be analysed by shotgun metagenomic sequencing, considering only the microbial component.

The effects of sea ice melting, and the consequent changes in the trophic conditions in Antarctic ecosystems, have been focused on phytoplankton with cross-food web links from krill to penguins, while the consequences on the planktonic microbial food web (viruses, prokaryotes and unicellular eukaryotes), driving biogeochemical cycles, have been largely ignored. This research investigates how changes related to sea ice melting influence the diversity and functioning of planktonic microbes in the Ross Sea coastal ecosystem of Terranova Bay. The objectives are: i) to investigate the temporal changes of planktonic microbial biodiversity, ii) to investigate the biodiversity/ecosystem functioning relationships iii) to assess the role of viruses on biodiversity and biogeochemical cycles, iv) to identify the drivers that shape microbial biodiversity and functions, and v) to shed light on the interactions within the planktonic food web, and their response to the ice melting. META-ICE-ROSS integrates ad hoc sampling with sophisticated methodologies of high-throughput sequencing of microbial DNA (metagenomics), never documented in previous Italian expeditions at Terranova Bay. The sampling includes the collection of seawater beneath the pack ice at increasing distance from the MZ Station and characterised by different thermohaline conditions, on a weekly basis from early November to mid January. The groundbreaking nature of META-ICE-ROSS will allow to provide unprecedented evidences on the role of microbial interactions in the functioning of the Ross Sea coastal ecosystem, to improve knowledge on biological changes due to global climate changes and, nonetheless, to provide a baseline assessment of the functioning of the microbial food webs and carbon sequestration in the pelagic environment in the Ross Sea region, within the context of the Ross Sea Region Marine Protected Area (RSRMPA) and its monitoring and research plan.

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